[Spellyans] "Tribe"

[Clive Baker]

I for one, Craig,, think that's a great idea, and as representative of Agan
Tavas, wed be delighted in such a list and its origins as although we may
have similar word in the dictionaries, it would be very interesting to see
any alternatives meanings and origins available
kemer wyth sos
Clive

On Fri, Feb 14, 2020 at 2:06 PM Craig Weatherhill <craig at agantavas.org>
wrote:

> As I’ve always said, Dan, when looking the corpus of Cornish, never forget
> place-name evidence.  There are numerous words in those that do not appear
> in what texts remain to us.  Therefore, in my view, they should be regarded
> as textual evidence.
>
> Do words like <kevammok>, “fight, battle”, <kevar>, “joint tillage>,
> <mujoven>, “ridge” appear in textual work?  I don’t think they do, but here
> they are in our place-names and field-names.  I can produce a whole list of
> them if required.
>
> Craig
>
>
>
>
> On 2020 Hwe 13, at 09:24, Daniel Prohaska <daniel at ryan-prohaska.com>
> wrote:
>
> Craig,
>
> Thanks for another one of your gems…
>
> On 12.02.2020, at 21:40, Craig Weatherhill <craig at agantavas.org> wrote:
>
> In ‘Desky Kernowek’, Nicholas cites two words to translate “tribe”:
> Nance’s <*lyth*> (< OC <*leid*>), and <*tryb*> (Tregear’s <*trib*>), but
> there is a third noun that we could readily use in revived Cornish.
>
>
> Yes, the OC has ‹leid›, which Ken George and José Calvete have both
> emended to *loid, which would tie into Welsh ‹llwyth› and Old Irish
> ‹lucht›, as well as Gaulish ‹luxtos›. Perhaps assuming this emendation from
> ei to *oi is, though possible, not necessary as we have Middle Breton
> ‹leiz› (Modern Breton ‹leizh›), so a Cornish *leyth is conceivable. The ei
> > *oi theory may be supported by another word in the OC
> ‹luid› “procinctus/furdlingc” meaning “battle-aray”, though this invites
> questioning.
>
> This word is <*cordh*> (commonly reducing to <*cor’*>), pl. <*corthow*>,
> gender unclear.
>
>
> This word is usually given as masculine in the Cornish dictionaries, but
> Welsh ‹cordd› is feminine.
>
> It occurs in two Cornish place-names: Trigg (pagus Tricurius C7;
> Trigorscire c.881), the Hundred or Keverang of North Cornwall; and
> Langorthou 1310, the site of Fowey church.  It also occurs in Brittany as
> Trégor, evidently and like Kernev and Domnonèe,  a cross-channel
> transference.
>
> <*cordh, cor’*> also forms part of OC <*coscor*>, “family, retinue”
> (place-name: Bownds an Coscar, Towednack 1672); and MC <*corlan*>,
> “cemetery” (Welsh: <*corddlan*>).  Translating as “clan, tribe, family,
> army”, <*cordh*> has cognates in Welsh <*cordd*>, Old Breton <*cor*> and
> early Irish <*cuire*>, “host, troop”.
>
> In the name Trigg, this indicates a Hundred or Keverang that could muster
> three war-hosts and interestingly enough, this component of Cornwall’s
> original six Hundreds was later divided into three (Trigg, Lesnewth and
> Stratton).  Indeed <*keverang*> itself has cognates in Welsh (<*cyfrang*>,
> “meeting, encounter, battle”) and Middle Breton (<*cuuranc*> “military
> assembly”).  In Roman Gaul, we also find the Tricorii and the Petrucorii.
>
> It’s also interesting that in these names <*try, tri*> does not cause 3rd
> state mutation, but 2nd state.  Furthermore, where it occurs in the hill
> name Dry Carn (Tricarn 1300), “three (Bronze Age) cairns”, it causes no
> mutation at all in 6 surviving attestations spanning as many centuries.
>
> I see no reason why <*cordh, cor’*>, pl. <*cordhow*> “tribe, clan,
> war-host” cannot be accepted into revived Cornish.
>
> Craig
>
>
> There are more words that have been used for “tribe” is Cornish:
>
> ‹ehen› “sort; variety; kind; class; manner; genus; clan; tribe; species;
> family; kindred; kin; category; genre; strain; type.”
>
> ‹gwely› “bed; layer; stratum; tribe; family; afterbirth; placenta.”
>
> ‹kenedhel› “(*age-group of family*) generation; clan; tribe; kindred;
> kinsfolk; nation; (*kind*) race.”
>
> ‹kiwses› “(*political*) state; nation; people; community; tribe;
> citizens.” (analogous to Welsh ‹ciwdod› < Latin ‹civitate(m)›).
>
> ‹cor(dh)› and ‹leyth› which you already mentioned.
>
> ‹pobel› “people; folk; race; public; populace; nation; tribe; crowd;
> inhabitants.”
>
> ‹trib› “tribe; nation; genus.”
>
> ‹tüs› “men; people; persons; folk; humans; human beings; guys; mortals;
> personages; populace; tribe; family; relatives; nation; wights.”
>
> Dan
>
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