<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">You are right about skiansek. I will check predyryans in the edition when I next go to the college library.</span></font><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">The problems with Lhuyd are syntactic and morphological, rather than lexical.</span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">He did not understand Cornish syntax and makes many mistakes.</span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; "><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5">My ny won is negative and the inflected form is necessary. That does not justify Mi a uon.</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5">Me a wor is attested 30 times and my a wor occurs x 10. My a won is not attested. It is bad Cornish.</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font></div></span></span></font></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Baskerville; font-size: 18px; ">Lies tus = many peoples? I don't think so. Lhuyd says (AB: 224) that many people, though learned and wise in other matters, are opposed to the preservation of these ancient tongues. This clearly implies 'many people', not 'many peoples' as you ingeniously suggest. Lhuyd often wrongly uses the plural after lîaz: </span></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">ha liaz gerrio erel AB: 222 (second line from bottom of the page).</span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Baskerville; font-size: 18px; ">Lhuyd's Cornish is mistaken with lies tus and in mi a uon. It is also mistaken when he says Mez an kabmdybianz hedda 'But that mistaken opinion' AB: 223 for Mez an kabmdybianz-na. He wrongly uses hedda for -na in other places: Rag ma an Dialek hedda nez dhodho 'For that Dialect is near to it'. I don't know about nez here. Cornish would surely say ogas dhodho.</span></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">Immediately thereafter he writes liaz ger anydha laveryz huath bys an dedhma 'many words of them said [he means spoken] until this day. Byz an dedhma isn't Cornish. He should have written Byz in dedh hedhou; cf. bys in dith hethow TH x 3 or byz in dzhedh hedhou; cf. yn geyth hythew RD 1233.</span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Baskerville; font-size: 18px; ">Lhuyd is also mistaken when he says mi a uon nag idzhanz an gerrio-ma markyz Lib. Land. 'I know that these words aren't marked Lib. Land.' AB: 223 for Mi a uor nag idzhi an gerrio-ma… He is also mistaken when he writes adrô an Dialeksho Brethonek erel 'about the other Brythonic dialects' AB: 222 for adro dho an Dialeksho Brethonek erel. </span></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font></div><div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">Lhuyd's Cornish is defective in many other ways:</span></font></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Baskerville; font-size: 18px; ">Mi a uon pordhâ try kaldzha Trigeriou an dhêau ulâz-ma gurèiz an ober-ma pylta guel tro yu gurèiz geno vi 'I know that the inhabitants of these two kingdoms could do this work much better than I' AB; 222 for Mi a uor pordhâ try aldzha Trigerion an dheau ulaz-ma gîl an ober-ma pylta guel vel yu gurèiz geno vi. He uses the first gurèiz as a verbal noun!</span></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">He writes: ha rag hedda liaz termen huei idzhe' a traylya an m ha'n n-ma dho b ha d 'and therefore often you turn this m and n to b and d'. huei idzhe' is presumably for why erowgh, which is very incorrect indeed. It is quite the wrong syntax. He meant Thero huei a traylya. </span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">He writes:</span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">Mêz lemmyn an Lenner 'ragoffen dhebm heb marr, prâg odzho vi en an skrefen hemma, a kuitha an raglaveryz legradzho me honan 'But now the reader will ask me without doubt, why I am in this text keeping the aforementioned corruptions myself'. </span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">Among the errors here one might include 1) ragoffen dhebm for ra goffen ortha vi; 2) prag odzho vi [???] for prag thero vi; 3) a kuitha an ragleveryz legradzho for an legradzho [Lhuyds' invention] ragleveryz [Lhuyd's invention]; me honan for ow honan.</span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">Lhuyd at the bottom of page 223 writes: Rag ni vev nevra an hevelep tremenyans ter Tîz Guenez Kembra ha tîz Lezou traldzha desky dhort i gilez 'For there was never the same traffic between the people of SE Wales and the people of Brittany that they could learn from one another'. </span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">Why does he write ni vev for ni ve? Nevra is wrong with past tenses, it should be bisgueth. Hevelep is a noun in Cornish, not an adjective, which is haval or possibly kepar. Traldzha is bizarre. Late Cornish would have written may haljans, malgans. What is dhort i gilez? Where does the ?plural form gilez come from? It is always gila, gilla, gela in traditional Cornish.</span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">Skientek ought perhaps to have been skiensek. Predirians is not Lhuyd's but Keigwin's. </span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">But the errors in Lhuyd's Cornish are many, they are his own and they cannot all be explained away.</span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">Lhuyd was aware that his Cornish was not perfect, since he refers at the end of the preface an huel bian hanter-gureyzma 'this little half-finished work'.</span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;">Nicholas</span></font></div><div><div><br></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font></div><div><br></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Baskerville" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br></span></font><div><div>On 15 Gor 2009, at 09:08, Jon Mills wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; ">'Pederyans' is found in John Keigwin's Mount Calvary (149). Note the syncope of the -r- in the first syllable. Lhuyd obtained 'prediryanz' from Keigwin. 'Lies den' means 'many men'. 'Lies tus' means 'many peoples'.</span></blockquote></div><br></div></div></div></div></body></html>